topic

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)

How much noise was, and is, around of this technology. The same as once around of system of satellite communication Iridium. only we know, that began with this project …

I do not want to say, that WAP the same waits uchast`. However if earlier the information on this system spoke loudly, beautifully and only good today even more often it is possible to hear loud, but not so beautiful words that at WAP in general is more than lacks, than advantages. But about all - under the order. Can, someone at all does not understand, about what here we speak it …

So, what is it such - WAP? So the report is called, allowing to leave for the Internet by means of only mobile phone, without participation of the modem, a computer and to that of similar devices. Thus WAP unites two most quickly growing and developing branches - cellular communication and the Internet. For this reason around WAP it is so much to noise. Besides attempts to create similar system earlier were already undertaken, but all of them came to an end a failure. At WAP there are all chances to correct a situation.

It would seem, a sure version. However there is a nuance. Through WAP you can visit{attend} not simply Internet - sites, and only WAP-pages. Basically they differ nothing from usual, a problem only that is not enough such WAP-pages. In the world in general, and in Russia - the it is more.

To use opening ordinary HTTP pages through a cellular telephone inconveniently that, that on such pages the big headings (recollect the size of the display of your cellular telephone), absence of the report of compression, too great volume of the service information and many other things. WAP pages use the binary standard, allowing to compress packages of the data, they are less sated with the graphic information, etc.

And by the way. Speaking about WAP, it is necessary to mention and such report, as GPRS. About him we will have separate conversation, but to not mention it now simply it is impossible …

Report GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a report which is used for data transfer in networks GSM. It allows networks GSM to be compatible with …, correctly, Internet. Report GPRS uses batch technology for effective transfer of the non-uniform traffic. The given report supports link speed from 9.6 KB / with up to more than 150 KB / with on one user.

In our country of service of a WAP-telephony give " Mobile Telesystems " and "Biline" in Moscow, and Sankt - Petersburg " Severo - Western GSM ".

To tell the truth, today many Internet - sites create for the clients special WAP - versions of the pages. In particular, it not so long ago has made Yahoo, having given to users the opportunity of reception of the different information well adapted for small screens of cellular telephones, here is also access to email.

From Russian WAP - sites it is possible to note sites of operators. For example, the site of company " MTS " allows to send from him{it} email, to learn{find out} weather forecast, and even to familiarize with ordinary Web - pages. And to make it it is very simple - you enter the address of a site without use of a browser, and in the special form. On a site … it will be shortly given not only an opportunity to send a mail, but also to accept her{it}.

There is the WAP - a site both at "NWGSM", and at company " Infoart ", and at some other. And certainly, it it is not enough. Besides the information on weather, fuses on roads and free tickets to planes, other, more informative and volumetric information is at times urgently necessary. But before occurrence of such sites, and in a plenty, still far. However most likely all of them taki will appear … Though many assert{approve}, that at WAP there is no future. Such pessimists prove the opinion that, that, first, this project is not finished, imperfect yet, and hardly will sometime earn in full force, and second, use WAP is very expensive. And in it they are partly right. Really, access to the Internet through a WAP-browser costs{stands} from 5 up to 30 cents one minute. And it dorogovato even for those who presumes the expensive{dear} "tubes" supporting WAP. By the way about birdies.

The cellular telephones supporting WAP, still more recently was times - two and obchelsja. However the companies making mobile phones, have probably agreed to remove completely even this problem of WAP-technology. Today practically each novelty in the field of cellular telephones is equipped WAP - with a browser, that is is capable to work with WAP - the report. Many of these novelties have already reached Russia though we and earlier had such phones. Among reached phones which have reached or nearly so our country it is possible to name Nokia 7110, Nokia 6210, Motorola TP P7389, Ericsson R320, Ericsson R380, Bosch 1886 and some other …

However it is necessary to remember (or to know), that the WAP-report happens two kinds - to version 1.0 and 1.1. Version 1.0. for a long time is obsolete and already practically is not used anywhere, including at us in the country. That is why at purchase of the cellular telephone, "able" to work with WAP, it is necessary to find out, what version of this report is supported with concrete phone. For example, many owners of phone Siemens S25 once have opened, that their phone though was called is proud " supporting the WAP-report ", supported not absolutely that is necessary. Namely - the standard 1.0. It is sad for owners. A lesson for potential buyers …

To take pleasure in all prelestjami WAP, it is necessary to you not one hour prokorpet` above the cellular telephone - it is necessary to adjust more than 20 parameters … And it too one of lacks WAP. Though, actually at the certain skill all adjustments, and it is 8-10 parameters, are carried out for 10-20 minutes even by the nonspecialist.

Time have again recollected lacks, we shall name one more. To tell the truth, it more likely problem Web - masters as contents of sites should be copied in format WML (Wireless Markup Language) which allows to display pages on all the same small displays. And under 4 lower case displays one variant, and under 8 lower case - another … is necessary

In general, criticism full. The most unpleasant, that she is distributed and in the ranks of founders of the given technology. So-called WAP Forum, supervising the project and watching{keeping up} his{its} development, has unexpectedly received critics in the numbers{lines}. In particular, David Rensin, technical director of company Aether Systems developing an infrastructure of Internet-access for portable devices, has declared at conference Mobile Insights on " death WAP ". This application{statement} was so unexpected, that many have run almost into a panic. Certainly, it is not necessary to accept such applications{statements} as prophetical, but to become thoughtfull about promptness of purchase of the cellular telephone equipped with a WAP-browser, undoubtedly, costs{stands} …

However is also the assumption rather neutral. Speak, that WAP is transitive the standard. That he will leave in nonexistence, and on his{its} "remains" there will be a final version of the project of communication{connection} of the Internet and cellular telephones. But it only assumptions.

To brighten up a picture, we shall mention that. That WAP it is compatible with a plenty of transport reports and with such perspective technology, as Bluetooth. Besides, already today development of the technologies supplementing WAP are conducted. For example, technology ScoutWeb of company Aether supplements WAP to adapt Web-sites for PDA (personal digital assistant) and cellular telephones …

In general, analytics (what optimists) predict, that by 2002 all wireless phones become WAP - compatible. Also that in general the quantity{amount} of users WAP - the Internet will make 20 - 30 percent{interests} from all users of mobile communication{connection} … And still it is not necessary "to bury" personal computers. Nobody will use a cellular telephone for access in the Internet constantly, cheap this service would not become what. Why? Even because of the same small screen …

Most likely, scale break then, will not be. More precisely, was not. Few WAP-sites, are not enough phones (in comparison with simple cellular telephones), expensively it cost{stand}, too … is too much these "too" …

In general, with final conclusions about WAP - the minimum godik is necessary to wait for communications{connections} still. While WAP - the technology was and remains more likely very expensive{dear} entertainment, rather than the device of job. Exception is made by those experts for whom it is necessary only text, only brief and only the urgent information. It can be exchange rates or, for example, quotations of securities. But the quantity{amount} of such requiring people nastol` is not enough what to speak about mass application WAP, I shall be repeated, it is still enough early …

Rich Internet Application and content - management

It is nowadays fashionable to speak about Web 2.0. While the idea of collective reason incorporated in this definition by his{its} author Timom ?'Rejli, still remains a subject of leisure conversations, it is necessary to notice, that the world wide web varies. Webs - applications on convenience of use everyone become closer to desktop applications. The given tendency with an increasing progression covers the Internet and already today it is possible to speak about approach of an era of webs - applications of the new type, the enriched webs - applications or RIA. However, popularity of such terms as Web 2.0 and RIA is so high, that developers hurry to hang up attractive jarlychki on the products, at times plainly not understanding that is meant these terms. So, what such RIA actually?

Term Rich Internet Applications (RIA) for the first time has been mentioned in promotional materials of company Macromedia in March, 2002. The essence of the given technology can be defined{determined} as distribution of problems{tasks} on service of the user interface between the server and client software (ON). In classical webs - applications of old type, server ON forms and returns the available interface to the user. For performance of any new business - operation it is required to request a new status of the interface from the server, actually to reload page and to receive the new interface. In RIA applications the new interface, and only instructions on updating of once generated interface is requested not. The given opportunities can be achieved by means of AJAX, Adobe Flex, Windows Presentation Foundation, Flash, Java-applets, Java and some declarative languages, such as XUL, MXML. From all listed tools the broadest popularity have got only AJAX and Flash, first of all due to their availability. And, if entirely in Flash rather resursoemkij and expensive process, development with application AJAX hardly probable borrows{occupies} creation of applications of more time, rather than development of classical webs - applications of old type. In the majority of modern projects Flash it is used only as required. As, for example, on a site of magazine Elle (www.elle.ru).

Already in name AJAX (asynchronous JavaScript and XML) the essence of technology is reflected. She allows the client and server parties{sides} of the web - application to cooperate asynchronously. In case of event on the client party{side} the search to the server is made, the server returns results of search, the interface changes a status. How it happens in practice?

One of the most popular applications AJAX - realization in Web technologies drag and drop (« has drawn and has left »). You for certain already saw services of a virtual desktop, such as www.netvibes.com, www.pageflakes.com, www.yourminis.com or, at least, www.pusk.ru. They allow us to have vidzhety on the screen, to adjust their sizes in the same image by what we have got used to do{make} it with windows Microsoft Windows. The given opportunities gradually migrate and in business - applications. So, for example, on a portal www.atlas.cz users can adjust starting page with the same ease, as well as in case of a virtual desktop.

Due to an opportunity to design appearance of pages from beforehand prepared design - patterns, users CMS (control systems of a content) now less depend on developers of their sites. Still the big advantages to users gives Drag*Drop at management of the maintenance{contents} of a site. In modern CMS to set new position for the document in structure or for recording in the list, it is enough "to hook" only on this position the mouse and "to drag" on a new place. Just as it is done{made} with files in Explorer Microsoft Windows.

The opportunity of service of events on search also allows to load originally for the interface only a minimum of the necessary data, but "to load in addition" the claimed data when they were necessary for the user. For example, at transition in the interface of management the structure of a site in CMS loads only the first level of a tree of structure. However if the user will wish to open any branch of a tree, its{her} data will be "dogruzheny" during the same moment. The given opportunity is even more claimed at management of lists of recordings. The application returns only that range of recordings in the interface, which user has requested. Moreover, even forms of data input find new features. In modern webs - applications even more often there is a form of input of a line of the data, known due to popular service Google Suggest. When you only start to type{collect} something in this form, under her there is a dropping out list with the values containing typed podstroku. That who had to bring the data by means of the "infinite" list in SELECT, it was possible to estimate efficiency of the new form.

In itself absence of necessity of an overload of all interface at any action of the user changes performance about webs - interfaces. You can bring the data in the several forms of the interface placed, say, on various tabakh. Then all entered data can be sent simultaneously on preservation. Also pay attention, if the sent data for any reason (breakage of connection with the server, an internal mistake, etc.) will not be saved, the interface informs you about it and will allow to repeat attempt. And in fact unreliability of data transfer was one of corner stones of webs - interfaces of an old sample.

It is obvious, that besides other interfaces of epoch RIA are capable to inform on a status of processes, about results of performance of processes. Now already is a good form when any element mentioned by any processes in system, reflects their status in the special panel.

Opportunities RIA podymajut reliability and convenience of use of control systems of a content on a new level. A level earlier accessible to only desktop applications. However it is necessary to remember, that interfaces of applications of epoch RIA are capable to cooperate not only with own server software, but also with foreign applications. This circumstance allows to hope, that present CMS gradually will develop aside ECM (management of a corporate content) and, accordingly, break between sites of the companies and information resources of their corporate networks will start to be reduced.

Advice{Council} of day on JavaScript

With the help of this script it is possible to add any advice{councils} and announcements for visitors of your site. The script will consist of external files javascripts totdmsg.js and totd.js and html a file totd.html in which and it is necessary to bring the information.

Example how to insert into page:

<html>

<head>

<title> Advice{Council} of day </title>

</head>

</script>

</body>

</html>

Editing of text elements

In version 5.5, nationally liked browser;), have entered very interesting property contentEditable. Using this property to any element of the HTML-document, you can edit his{its} (element) directly in a window of a browser (elementID.contentEditable=true). And the most important that after modification, is possible to disconnect editing and to enjoy result not reloading the document (elementID.contentEditable=false). Now Internet Explorer it is possible to use as the unpretentious WYSIWYG-editor.

Example of use of editing of an element:

We edit DIV </title>

</head>

This text edited.

</div>

</body> </html>

Also, you can create the button which will to switch modes of editing (to switch on / disconnect). With it you will be helped by property isContentEditable which returns true if the object can be edited, or false if it is impossible.

Let's add in our example the button (to switch on / disconnect):

We edit DIV </title>

function onOff () {

sButton.value =

(eDiv2.isContentEditable)

? " To switch on editing "

: " To disconnect editing ";

eDiv2.contentEditable =

(eDiv2.isContentEditable)

? false

: true;

}

</script>

</head>

<div id=eDiv2

contentEditable=false>

This text edited. </div>

<p> <button id=sButton

onClick=onOff (); style=width:240px;>

To switch on editing </button>

</body> </html>

But it not all! For change of a tracing of the edited text, you can use keyboard reductions. Not the full list is submitted in the table:

Not the full list of keyboard reductions. Ctrl + B semiboldface (teg STRONG).

Ctrl + I italics (teg EM).

Ctrl + U underlined (teg U).

Ctrl + K to create the link (teg A).

ENTER the paragraph (teg P)

Shift + ENTER translation of a line (teg BR)

Skriptovye bookmarks

For performance of the same problems{tasks} it is the best way to use batch files, i.e. files which automate job. For example in DOS environment - BAT-files, in Windows - WSH (the Server of Scripts), etc. Well, and with the help of bookmarks of any browser supporting the report javascript:, it is possible to achieve unimaginably fast and useful results, creating ckriptovye a bookmark or simply a JS-bookmark. After you establish first such bookmark, I guarantee, that your sight at wandering on the Internet (and not only) in roots will change, certainly in the best party{side}.

The JS-bookmark, is a simple bookmark in a browser which contains one line javascript-? and uses the report javascript:. T. e. At activization of a JS-bookmark, the code of a script, instead of prevychnaja loading of the document from the Internet (report HTTP is carried out:, FTP:, etc.).

Advice{Council}:

Create a separate folder in "Favorites" (Favorites), and all JS-bookmarks establish in this folder. The ambassador, to you it will be easier soorentirovat`sja. Also, for fast access to the basic, often to used bookmarks, it is possible to use panel " Link " (Links).

The first way of installation of JS-bookmarks:

* Open in a browser any document.

* Establish on him{it} zaklkadku (CTRL + D).

* Open properties of a bookmark and enter in field URL any script on javascript, for example:

javascript:alert (top.location.href)

* You will be met with the upstart - prevention, - agree: "Yes" (Yes).

Way the second, used on a site:

Links marked with asterisks from both parties{sides}, also are JS-bookmarks (an example: * a bookmark *). Before installation, you can try a bookmark in operation, klivnuv on her as under the ordinary link.

* You need to click with the right button of the mouse under such link, and to choose « To add in Favorites » (Add to Favorites).

* Or to click with the left button of the mouse and, not releasing{not letting off} her{it} to drag a bookmark on panel " Link " or in a folder "Favorites".

* Again the upstart, again "Yes".

At creation of own bookmark, remember three conditions:

1. The line of a script dolzhena to begin with javascript:.

2. As much as possible allowable quantity{amount} of symbols in a line of a script 2048.

3. For secure, in the end of a script add void (null), t. To. If your script will return what or value this value will copy the open document during this moment.

Some JS-bookmarks:

* * Fast search on page *.

Worthy replacement standard "Find" (Ctrl+F.) (for documents without frames, IE4 +).

* * Viewing of part HTML of a code *. (before activization it is necessary to note the necessary site of the document).

The bookmark very much is useful to beginning{starting} vehb-programmers and in particular verstal`hhikam to which should not look through each time the HTML-document in searches of a separate necessary part of a code. (for documents without frames, IE4 +).

* * Mashtabiruem the document *.

More in detail about a bookmark and property zoom look clause{article} « Property zoom »